Hey, it is the traditional connection method of ancient Chinese architecture, furniture and other instruments. It is a kind of connection method that combines concave and convex parts on two components. The protruding part is called 榫 (or 榫 )); the concave part is called å¯ (or 榫 榫, 榫 )), æ¦«å¯ structure is the unique contribution of Chinese furniture to the world furniture culture, it is characterized by not using on the object Nails, using å¯æ¦« reinforced objects, reflect the ancient Chinese culture and wisdom. This paper introduces the origin, classification and processing methods of enamel, and introduces the evolution of classical furniture to modern furniture structure and the change of connection methods, as well as the connection methods and problems of custom wood. After comparing the connection methods of the European and American cabinet industry, the comparative analysis of the invisible connectors of the United States from the perspective of craftsmanship was introduced, and the innovative application of the Chinese wood customization industry was introduced. The æ¦«å¯ structure originated in China. At present, the earliest archaeological structure of the archaeological discovery comes from the Hemudu Cultural Site in Ningbo, which has a history of 7,000 years. At that time, the wooden structure used a dry-bar structure, and the most basic concrete was used to connect the wooden members, which was the origin of various complicated defects. Later, with the development of China's wooden construction technology level, the structure of æ¦«å¯ has become more and more complex and sophisticated. The ancient buildings that are currently seen are basically wooden beams and columns as a frame, and the complex arch structure is used between the beams and columns. The æ¦«å¯ structure has reached its peak in China, which is unique in the history of the world's wood structure. No one in history has developed such a complicated architectural framework. Chinese classical architecture Historically, the development of furniture has been deeply influenced by architecture, both in terms of materials, style, structure and craftsmanship. Therefore, Chinese classical furniture is also a pillar-column structure, and it has been developed through years of development. It has reached the peak of style and craft in the Ming and Qing Dynasties and has become the representative of Chinese classical furniture. Chinese classical furniture mahogany chair The simple, introverted and beautiful style of furniture in the Ming and Qing Dynasties is inseparable from the structure of the enamel. The connection of the æ¦«å¯ structure is completely hidden inside the furniture part, the furniture part itself is the connecting piece, no need to use the additional connecting piece, the shape of the furniture can be smooth and simple.榫å¯The maximum structural strength can be achieved on smaller parts, so furniture materials can be reduced to the extreme, achieving a design that is less than one point. In the Ming and Qing Dynasties when Chinese furniture reached its peak, Europe was also at the peak of the Renaissance stage. The Baroque style (1600-1750) and Rococo style (1700-1800) were popular in Europe, and the art, architecture and furniture after Europe. The decorative style has had a profound impact. European building materials are mainly made of stone, influenced by its style. European furniture is dominated by block-shaped structures, with varied curves, beautifully carved and gold-painted. The picture below shows typical Baroque furniture: In the structure of furniture, the connection of European furniture is relatively simple. Most of them use wooden nails and wooden sticks, and they are glued and reinforced. Although they have simple enamel application, they are still at a very primitive level, not furniture. The main structure connection method. In summary, the origin of China originated in China. Although it is not unique to China, it has only reached an unprecedented height in terms of structure, shape, processing technology and artistic value in China, and has become the core of Chinese architecture and furniture culture. One of the parts. With the development of furniture manufacturing processes, furniture has evolved and derived many different types for the manufacture of furniture components and the connection between components. Due to the limitation of size and strength, in general, the furniture is much simpler than the construction, but many unique structures have been developed according to the application needs. In addition to the practicality, many structures have high craftsmanship. Value is a very important part of the furniture design style. According to the purpose, the defects in furniture can be divided into the following categories: It is used to form narrow plates into wide plates, such as table tops, chair covers, door core plates, etc. Jigsaw is still the basic process of wood preparation, and the quality and stability of the board have an important impact on the quality of the finished product. In addition to the simplest side splicing, factories with higher quality requirements often use herringbone grooves, slap-and-slaps, and other techniques to increase the glue area and improve product stability. Panel stitching It is used to add horizontal plates at the ends of the straight panels, such as the end of the desktop board, the border of the door panel, and the like. In addition to covering the wood end is more beautiful, there is also a fixed panel width direction deformation, increasing stability. Socket insertion It is used to longitudinally grow short materials. Modern furniture basically uses finger-jointing technology, which is suitable for mass production of equipment. In the handicraft industry, it is completely achieved through the æ¦«å¯ structure. Embedded insert termination In Chinese classical furniture, curved and curved parts are commonly used, which are used to lengthen the short material and connect the curved parts. When the furniture parts are connected, the plane embedding or the opening embedding is the simplest connection method, which requires the lowest precision of the process and saves labor, but the strength and durability are also the lowest. Extended reading:æ¦«å¯ structure diagram Right angle embedded The opening insertion is an upgrade of the opening embedding, which increases the structural contact area compared to the embedding. Through the interference fit, friction is generated between the hoe and the blink, and the structure of the furniture is more stable. Right angle opening insert The unique connection method developed when making "L" type or frame type parts. Inserting multiple angles A representative box structure in which a drawer box, a cabinet cabinet, and the like are connected by a flat plate is called a box frame structure. You need to connect the plates together. Among the most widely used are the various dovetails, which are sturdy, beautiful and durable. Dovetail pair The combination of square, long, wide and high square elements is the most difficult and most aesthetically pleasing structure. In particular, the comprehensive angle 榫 represents the peak of the craftsmanship of Chinese furniture. After the joint angles are completed, the whole furniture is integrated, the structure is smooth and natural, and the connection point is completely invisible. It is an important feature of Ming and Qing furniture. Double 榫 joint angle The traditional craftsmanship is entirely crafted by artisans, and the complexity and precision of the concrete are also an important part of the value of the furniture. Tools are still the traditional tools of carpenters: planing, chiseling, sawing, drilling, boring, etc., but based on the characteristics of enamel, the development of professional shapes and sizes of tools. The craftsman's manual work is very slow. Every cockroach needs to start from the calculation, the scribe line, the initial cutting, and then step by step, trial and fine adjustment, until the perfect effect is achieved. Once any step is processed, the entire part is scrapped and you have to start from scratch. Equipment The dependence on skilled craftsmen has always been a bottleneck restricting the wide application of the structure. The inefficiency brought about by complicated manual labor has also greatly increased the labor cost of furniture manufacturing. In recent years, a dedicated boring machining center has been developed in China, which can process complex borings including heald angles. The parameters of common cockroaches have been pre-existed in the equipment. As long as the size parameters are input according to the specifications of the parts, the processing can be completed automatically. The ordinary workers can be operated after training, and the production efficiency is greatly improved compared with the manual. It is the industrialization and batch processing of the mahogany furniture enterprises. Sharp weapon.
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Second, the classification of cockroaches
Jigsaw
Puzzled end
Straight longitudinal length
Making of curved parts
Frame connection - plane embedding
Frame connection - opening insertion
Frame connection - angle connection
Box frame structure
Square material three-way connection
Third, the processing of bismuth
