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1. Plastic Bottles The United States produces bottles using the following three main production methods: extrusion - blow molding, injection molding - blow molding and biaxial orientation molding. In Western Europe and Japan, in addition to the above three methods, co-extrusion and rotary welding are also used.
The most commonly used blow molding resins today are low density polyethylene and high density polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, polypropylene, polyethylene terephthalate, polystyrene, styrene acrylonitrile, nitrile polymers and polycarbonate ester. Polyolefins (high-density polyethylene and polypropylene) and polyvinyl chloride have become the main packaging materials on the market. The use of polyolefin containers extends from hairdressing and beauty cosmetics to household and industrial detergents, pharmaceuticals, liquids, and dried foods, almost every consumer market. The United States now sells 500 million tons of polyolefin resin every year as a blow-molded container.
Polyvinyl chloride, nitrile polymers, and polyesters are more resistant to oxygen, carbon dioxide, and moisture than other resin containers. Polyester is the only clean food container resin approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Through orientation, polyester containers have been used to hold carbonated drinks, foods and medicines.
2. Molding - Loading - Sealed Bag (FFS Bag)
Molding - Loading - Sealed bags play an important role in modern packaging. It is a combination of packaging design, materials, and machinery. It can produce effective packaging to meet the needs of modern handling and sales methods.
Molding - Loading - The entire production process of the sealing equipment is automated. The bags are formed from roll stock (single or multi-layer webs and laminates), from the machine's cutting table output pockets, and the bags are sent to On the conveyor, it is transported to the packaging area, heat-sealed after loading, and then counted, tested and mounted. Vertical molding of one half ounce tomato paste per bag - Loading - sealer runs approximately 60 cycles per minute (packaging 600 bags/min). A 226.8 g (8 oz.) vertical machine per bag was circulated at 25 r/min (packaging 100 bags/min). However, higher-grade packaging materials, such as polyester/aluminum foil/polypropylene laminated too thin steamable bags, cannot generally be packaged at such a high production rate.
This packaging method is suitable for small packaging, accurate control of the weight, and can be mixed with steam in the bag, easy to open. The mixing in the bag is moulded--loaded--insulated in a sealed bag with a breakable film, separating the foods that need to be packed together, and adding water or other ingredients to the food. This eliminates the need for freezing and reduces bulk weight or shipping weight.
Steamable molding - loading - sealed bags in the packaging industry has great potential for development, packaging materials generally use 1/2 cellophane / low density polyethylene / aluminum foil / low density polyethylene four-layer laminated structure. Metallized polyesters also have good barrier properties and UV resistance comparable to aluminum foil laminates.
For products that are difficult to contain, such as iodine is easily infiltrated, the laminated material of the package is delaminated or the aluminum foil is corroded. Many packers are researching and applying the outer layer of aluminum foil, the middle layer of heat-insulating polyester, and the inner layer has 2-8 layers of mil. Rubber-modified high-density polyethylene, used to package sterile saline, can be placed in a retorting tank and heated.
The liquid and semi-fluid foods packaged by the molding-loading-seal bag are ketchup, jam, butter, milk, butter, fruit juice, beef juice and coffee cream etc.; medicines and daily necessities have medical ointment, disinfectant water, Alcohol, detergent, bleach, shampoo, antifreeze, motor oil, etc.
The liquid-filled bags must be dispensed and disposed after they are opened, and a zippered bag originally sold in the market is expensive. Now Sweden's Knorroff Company has produced a molding-loading-sealing bag with a metering valve that allows the liquid and semi-fluid in the bag to flow out in a certain dose. The injection-molded polypropylene valve is heat-sealed in polyethylene. The bag is also fitted with a screwable cover. This form-fitting-sealing bag is now sold in Europe and costs less than the original zipper bag.
3. Heated paper tray
In order to save fuel, the United States has used aluminum instead of steel to make automobiles. The demand for aluminum has increased substantially, which has led to an increase in the price of aluminum foil food trays, thus promoting the improvement and promotion of hotplates that can be heated. Now in the convenience food market, foods packaged in hard paper trays have largely replaced aluminum foil foods and can compete with aluminum foil discs in terms of price.
The heat-resisting paperboard is made from solid bleached Sulfate Paper (SBS) or milk board. The thickness of the paperboard ranges from 0.48-0.11cm. The coating is usually made of poly terephthalate, but also polyethylene, polypropylene and acrylic paint and white clay paint. The coating was applied to the paperboard by melt extrusion. The temperature of cardboard and paint must be carefully controlled. The quality of the finished product mainly depends on the effect of the extrusion method.
Cardboard temperature, coating temperature and machine operating temperature largely determine the maximum temperature that the board can withstand in the furnace and the crack resistance of the board. If the coating breaks, the cardboard will absorb the juice in the food. Therefore, extrusion is a critical process.
The extrusion method is more difficult to control, and the extrusion methods adopted by various board manufacturers are not the same. For example, the international paper company uses a white clay coating, and the building boards are first coated with white clay and then coated with extrusion. Olin Kraft uses acrylic paints and uses a three-stage method of knife coating on a paper machine. The finished product is cheaper than the two-step process.
The use of inks and adhesives for the logo printing and conversion process, offset printing, and photolithographic printing, must be able to withstand both the low temperature of the refrigerator and the temperature of the oven. The withstand temperature range is 232-288T. The furnace temperature of ordinary furnaces is usually higher than the oven temperature of the microwave oven, but the cardboard itself rarely reaches or exceeds 121-1350C because the temperature of the food in the cardboard tray is low.
There are currently three methods for making packaging trays from heat-stable cardboard: Pressing, punching into the lip, and sealing in a straight line on two folding angle machines. The board can be made into a variety of packaging styles, such as pie trays, folding cardboard boxes, and small platters.
Improvements in packaging technology
Since the 1980s, due to the development of the plastics industry, packaging of goods in plastic containers has grown a lot more than it did 10 years ago. As new types of food such as frozen foods and convenience foods are sold on the market, a variety of innovative or modified packaging formats have emerged, among which the packaging bags and the hot platenable hot paper trays that are molded and loaded into the sealing equipment are the most popular. success.