Antibiotics are secondary metabolites of pathogens or other activities produced by microorganisms (including bacteria, fungi, actinomycetes) or higher animals and plants that can interfere with the development of other living cells. Chemical substances. The commonly used antibiotics in the clinic are extracts from the culture liquid of the genetically engineered bacteria and compounds synthesized or semi-synthesized by chemical methods. There are currently no fewer than 10,000 natural antibiotics. Basic use 1. Antibiotics are mainly used for medical treatment. 2. Against pathogens such as pathogenic bacteria in humans or animals, it can treat diseases caused by microbial infections such as most bacteria, rickettsia, mycoplasma, chlamydia, and spirochetes. 3. It has no effect on diseases caused by simple pathogens such as viruses and scorpion venoms. 4. In addition to anti-bacterial infections, certain antibiotics also have anti-tumor activity and are used for chemotherapy of tumors. 5. Some antibiotics also have immunosuppressive effects. 6. Antibiotics are used in medical science, agriculture, animal husbandry and food industry. 7. Antibiotics for non-therapeutic use in animal husbandry and agriculture, known as antibiotic growth promoters. Basic classification Sugar derivative Mainly composed of derivatives of hexose. Peptide antibiotic It consists mainly or entirely of amino acids and has certain properties of the polypeptide or protein. Polyene antibiotic There are multiple double bonds in the molecular structure. Macrolide antibiotic It consists of one or more monosaccharides and forms a huge aromatic lactone compound with the carbon chain. Tetracyclic antibiotic All have four condensed benzene rings. Terpene antibiotic Both contain an anthracycline ring. Mechanism of action 1. Blocking the synthesis of bacterial cell walls, causing bacteria to swell and rupture under low osmotic pressure. Mammalian cells have no cell walls and are not affected by such drugs. 2. Interact with the bacterial cell membrane to enhance the permeability of the bacterial cell membrane, open the ion channel on the membrane, and let the useful substances inside the bacteria leak out of the bacteria or the electrolyte balance is out of balance and die. 3. Use with bacterial ribosomes or their reaction substrates (such as tRNA, mRNA) to inhibit protein synthesis - this means that the structural proteins and enzymes necessary for cell survival cannot be synthesized. 4. Blocking the replication and transcription of bacterial DNA, hindering DNA replication will result in the inhibition of bacterial cell division and reproduction, and hindering the transcription of DNA into mRNA, which will hinder the process of subsequent mRNA translation and synthesis of proteins. ?Folding edit this paragraph adverse reactions 1. Neurotoxicity; 2, hematopoietic system toxicity; 3. Liver and kidney toxicity reactions; 4. Gastrointestinal reactions; 5, antibiotics can cause dysbacteriosis, causing vitamin B and K deficiency; 6, antibiotics allergic reactions are generally divided into anaphylactic shock, serum disease response, drug fever, rash, angioedema and allergic myocardial damage. 7, antibiotics aftereffects refers to the aftereffects of biological effects after stopping the drug. Adhesive Caddy,Adhesive Shower Caddy,Self Adhesive Shower Caddy,Adhesive Shower Shelves Jiangmen Sunbond Houseware Manufacturing CO.,LTD , https://www.jmsunbondhw.com