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1. Human Factors Employees' lack of good professional ethics and sense of responsibility is one of the reasons for many major quality accidents. In order to ensure the quality of gravure printing, it is necessary to strengthen professional ethics education for employees and strengthen job awareness; employees are required to be proficient in the use of equipment and operating procedures.
2. Machine Factors In gravure printing, equipment problems that cause unclear graphics are mainly because some related devices are not fully equipped or even equipped, and they are not well utilized. These devices mainly include the following types.
(1) Ink circulation device. Many companies' printing equipment is not equipped with an ink circulation device, and the ink is directly added to the ink tray. As a result, the circulation amount of the ink is insufficient, and the fluidity is not good, resulting in unclear pasteboard and printing graphics. The ink circulation device includes two types, a motor-type ink circulation device and a pneumatic pump-type ink circulation device. The price of the motor type is lower, but the foreign matter in the ink blocks the screen of the ink out of the notch so that the ink does not go on the plate, resulting in deinking. The initial amount of ink is more, it is easy to cause the waste of ink. Pneumatic pump type has a small amount of initial ink distribution, which can reduce ink waste, and rarely causes foreign matter in the ink to block the filter screen and the event of fire due to overheating of the motor, and has high safety.
(2) Ink scraper left and right swing device. In order to extend the service life of scrapers, some companies often remove the left and right swing devices of the scraper. This will not only cause problems such as unclear graphics, but will also shorten the life of the plate cylinder.
(3) Circulating water cooling device. The main function of the circulating water cooling device is to quickly cool the prints out of the oven, so as not to produce the phenomenon of anti-sticking and the mutual sticking of the printed products after winding. Because of its high cost, many printing companies often do not have equipment when they introduce equipment. There are two direct consequences of doing so.
First, with the long-term operation of the equipment, the temperature of the first guide roller that passes through the oven after printing is rapidly increased. When the temperature rises to a certain degree, the resin in the ink is heated and the anti-sticking phenomenon occurs. , Printed graphics are not clear.
The second is that the ink or varnish on the printed matter does not completely dry and enters the winding device. When it is relaunched, it will produce the phenomenon of mutual sticking between the front and back, which also results in the unclearness of the printed graphic. In order to reduce the unclearness of printed graphics, it is recommended that you have the above devices in time.
3. Material Factors The main materials that affect the quality of printed materials are: printing materials, inks, solvents, and rollers.
(1) Printing materials. Printing materials include plastic, paper, aluminized paper and aluminum foil. My company mainly prints aluminum foil and aluminized paper. Aluminium foil surface treatment is not good, too much oil, will make the ink transfer performance worse, resulting in unclear printing graphics; and aluminum plating paper aluminum plating effect is not good, uneven surface, printed materials will produce a lot of bright spots, graphic natural Not clear.
(2) Ink. Ink viscosity, fineness, yield value, thixotropy, fluidity, adhesion and other quality indicators of any one of the cattle does not meet the printing requirements, will affect the transfer of ink in the printing materials, resulting in unclear printed matter graphic. In addition, excessive levels of impurities in the ink can also affect the clarity of the print graphic. When the old ink is on the machine, it should be filtered, and a certain amount of new ink should also be added. If necessary, it should be replaced with new ink.
(3) Solvents. The low purity of the solvent, containing too much fat or water, is bound to be detrimental to the full dissolution of the ink, resulting in impure print hues and unclear printed artwork.
(4) Plate cylinder. For gravure printing, the number of plate roller screens, the shape and depth of the cells, the quality of the chrome plating layer, and the quality of the surface polishing process will directly affect the ink transfer rate in the cell. The ink transfer rate is low, and the printed graphic is not clear.
4. Methodological Factors The proficiency of the operating skills, the correctness of the operating methods, and the strict operation of the operating procedures have important influence on the quality of the printed matter. In summer, the temperature is high, and the solvent volatilization speed is fast. At this time, the angle of the scraper should be minimized, the distance between the scraping point and the nip point should be shortened, and the volatilization of the ink solvent on the layout surface should be reduced to reduce the occurrence of jamming. In the case of slow evaporation of solvent in winter, the opposite adjustment method is used to promote the volatilization of the solvent and reduce the occurrence of stencil printing. For another example, aluminum foil and aluminum-plated paper have different adsorptive properties for ink, and different blade adjustment methods should also be adopted. In addition, the squeegee pressure. The pressure of the embossing roller, the tension of the printing material, and the volatility of the solvent must also be adjusted according to the season and raw materials.
5. Environmental factors Environmental health conditions are poor, flying dust and other debris will fall into the ink, resulting in knife, plug version and other quality issues, resulting in print graphic is not clear. If the ambient temperature is too high and the solvent evaporates too quickly, it will also produce a plate-blocking phenomenon, resulting in unclear printing and graphic images. Excessive environmental humidity, ink will infiltrate excessive moisture, not only reduce the purity of the ink, but also make the ink surface fog phenomenon, resulting in dull print graphics, not clear. Therefore, the cleanliness of the printing shop environment should be guaranteed, and the temperature and humidity of the environment should be kept as constant as possible.
Source: HC Network
Reasons and solutions to the incomprehensibility of gravure printing
Unclear graphic and graphic is one of the more common topics in gravure printing. The following topics are discussed in terms of people, machines, materials, methods, and rings.