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Aseptic packaging is defined as: sterilized foods (beverages, dairy products, seasonings, etc.) are packaged in an aseptic environment and enclosed in sterilized containers, with a view to avoiding preservatives and refrigeration Longer shelf life. Simply, he said, aseptic packaging is to sterilize packaging materials, packaging containers and contents first and package them in an aseptic environment. Non-sterile packaging is first packaged, and then the packaging container and contents are sterilized together or not. Aseptic packaging generally adopts ultra-high temperature instant sterilization or microwave sterilization, so that the food can only be rapidly sterilized at a high temperature for a short time (several seconds, ten seconds), and then quickly cooled, compared with the traditional retort sterilization. The time for foods to withstand high temperatures is greatly shortened, and excessive loss of nutrients and flavors is avoided. Figure 1, Figure 2, Figure 3, and Table 1, Table 2, and Table 3 illustrate the traditional retort sterilization process and aseptic packaging process flow and the retention of nutrients.
Due to the process characteristics of aseptic packaging and the less damage to the nutrients and flavors of foods, and the relatively low cost of aseptic packaging, the storage and transportation are convenient and the appearance is beautiful. Therefore, it has been greatly welcomed by businesses and consumers.
Sterile packaging in the form of sterile cardboard packaging, sterile cup packaging, aseptic bag packaging, sterile aluminum / plastic bag packaging and sterile plastic bottle packaging. This article focuses on three forms of aseptic cardboard packaging, cup packaging, and large bag packaging.
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Sample Mg/100g
Vc retention (%)
Before sterilization 27.8
100
Aseptic packaging 25.3
91
Traditional packaging 16.3
59
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Sample Mg/100g
Vc retention (%)
0.11 before sterilization
100
Aseptic packaging 0.09
82
Traditional packaging 0.03
27
Table 1 Vc tomato soup <br> <br> reserved values in Table 2 in a chicken broth reserved values Vb1 <br> <br> <br> <br> <br> <br> TABLE 3 Different methods of sterilizing milk Comparison of losses caused by nutrient components (%)
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Vb1
Vb6
Vb12
VC
Folic acid before sterilization 0
0
0
0
0
After pasteurization 10
5
10
5
15
After ultra-high temperature flash sterilization 15
10
20
20
20
After the traditional sterilization 40
20
95
50
50
Second, aseptic cardboard packaging Aseptic paperboard packaging materials are aluminum foil / paper / plastic composite materials, the market mainly Sweden Tetra Park (Tetropark Corporation), Germany's PKL company and the United States Paper Company, the results are as follows:
(Polyethylene / Printed layer / Cardboard / Polyethylene / Sarin / Aluminium foil / Sarin / Polyethylene) Human layer structure Aseptic paperboard packaging material is cardboard / aluminum / plastic composite materials, which cardboard is a structural material, its pulp The distribution ratio and performance are proprietary technologies, and it is matched with its unique packaging machine. Aluminum foil is a barrier material, generally with a thickness of 9μ, and must be free from porosity and damage. Polyethylene is an inner layer material that comes into contact with food and is a heat seal material. Sarin resin prevents aluminum foil from etching in highly acidic beverages.
Tetra Packer uses packaging materials to sterilize the packaging material with hydrogen peroxide, form the sterile area, fill and seal the contents that have been sterilized, and PKL's packaging is to make cardboard first into a paper box, and then Sterilization with H2O2 followed by filling and sealing in the sterile field means that Tetra Pak sterilizes the packaging material and PKL sterilizes the packaging container.
Aseptic cardboard packaging capacity is generally 200-l000ml, packaging for dairy products, fruit juice, beverages, etc., Tetra Pak's filling production line in the country more than 200. The production of cardboard has a production line in Beijing, Foshan and Kunshan, all of which are provided by Tetra Pak. Each production line has an annual production capacity of 1 billion packages. PKL has also opened up the Chinese market, but packaging materials still need to be imported. The American paper industry has also entered the Chinese market. Aseptic cardboard packaging is in the form of brick and roof packages.
At present, Guangdong Far East Packaging Machinery Co., Ltd. also produces similar filling equipment and cardboard production equipment, and has dozens of production lines in operation in China.
3. The cup material used in the sterile cup-type packaging sterile cup packaging is a multi-layer co-extruded neutral sterile packaging sheet (Neutrel Aseptic System) abbreviation NAS sheet, and its structure is as follows:
PP: polypropylene (copolymerized) PE: polyethylene (low density)
ADH: Adhesion Layer (Modified Ethylene/Ester Vinyl Copolymer) PVDC: Polyvinylidene Chloride EVOH: Ethylene/vinyl Alcohol Copolymer PS: Polystyrene (High Impact Type)
The NAS sheet is characterized by a peelable PP layer. When coextruded, chemical incompatibility of PP and PE is used, and PP and PE materials matching the flow stability are used to form a smooth, cohesive process. , sterile, peelable interface, in the aseptic packaging machine, NAS sheet before opening the sterile area to open the PP protective film, exposed PE sterile surface, in the reactive area to complete chaos filling a Cover the whole process. Figure 7 shows the structure of a coextruded feeder for NAs sheets, and Figure 8 shows the process flow for a sterile cup. Another feature of NAS sheet is a layer of high barrier material PVDC or EVOH. Since PVDC and EVOH are excellent for oxygen barrier, foods packaged with NAs sheets can be comparable to glass bottles and tinplate cans.
Application of Plastics in Aseptic Packaging
I. Overview of Aseptic Packaging Technology Aseptic packaging technology was born in the late 1940s. Since the beginning of the 00's, the rapid development of packaging plastics has provided a broad space for the development of aseptic packaging technology. Due to the superiority of aseptic packaging, aseptic packaging technology is quickly recognized by consumers, the aseptic packaging market is rapidly expanding, and aseptic packaging technology, equipment, and materials have been rapidly developed. In the early 1990s, aseptic packaging in developed countries accounted for more than 65% of liquid food packaging.