Introduction to common video file formats of electronic whiteboards

1. Local Video

AVI format: Its English name is AudioVideoInterleaved, that is, audio and video interleaved format. It was launched by Microsoft in 1992 and is known and known by people along with Windows 3.1. The so-called "audio and video interleaving" means that video and audio can be interwoven together for simultaneous playback. The advantage of this video format is that the image quality is good, and it can be used across multiple platforms. Its disadvantage is that it is too bulky, and the worse is that the compression standard is not uniform. The most common phenomenon is that the high version of the Windows media player cannot play early. Encoded and edited AVI format video, and the lower version of Windows Media Player can not play the latest encoded and edited AVI format video, so when we play some AVI format video playback, it often occurs that the video cannot be played due to video encoding problems or Even if it can be played, there are some inexplicable problems such as the inability to adjust the playback progress and only the sound and no image during playback. If the user encounters these problems when playing the AVI format video, you can solve it by downloading the corresponding decoder.

nAVI format: nAVI is the abbreviation of newAVI. It is a new video format developed by an underground organization called ShadowRealm (not much related to the AVI format we mentioned above). It is derived from the modification of the Microsoft ASF compression algorithm, but it is different from the ASF video format in the network video video introduced below. It increases the frame rate at the expense of the original "streaming" characteristics of the original ASF video file video To greatly improve the clarity of ASF video files.

DV-AVI format: The full English name of DV is DigitalVideoFormat, which is a home digital video format jointly proposed by Sony, Panasonic, JVC and other manufacturers. Currently very popular digital video cameras use this format to record video data. It can transfer video data to the computer through the computer's IEEE1394 port, and can also record the video data edited in the computer to the digital video camera. The file extension of this video format is generally .avi, so it is also called DV-AVI format.

MPEG format: its English name is MovingPictureExpertGroup, which is the format of the moving picture expert group, which is the VCD, SVCD, and DVD that are often seen at home. The MPEG file format is an international standard for moving image compression algorithms. It uses a lossy compression method to reduce redundant information in moving images. What is more clear is that the compression method of MPEG is based on the fact that the two adjacent pictures are mostly the same , The redundant part of the subsequent image and the previous image is removed, so as to achieve the purpose of compression (its maximum compression ratio can reach 200: 1). There are currently three compression standards for MPEG formats, namely MPEG-1, MPEG-2, and MPEG-4. In addition, MPEG-7 and MPEG-21 are still in the research and development stage.

MPEG-1: Formed in 1992, it is an international standard designed for digital storage media moving images and their accompanying audio codes with data transmission rates below 1.5Mbps. This is the VCD production format that we usually see. Using the MPEG-1 compression algorithm, a 120-minute movie can be compressed to about 1.2GB. The file extensions of this video format include .mpg, .mlv, .mpe, .mpeg and .dat files on VCD discs.

MPEG-2: Established in 1994, the design goal is the image quality of higher industry standards and higher transmission rate. This format is mainly used in the production (compression) of DVD / SVCD, and also has considerable applications in some HDTV (high-definition television broadcasting) and some high-demand video editing and processing. Using the MPEG-2 compression algorithm, a 120-minute movie can be compressed to a size of 4 to 8GB. File extensions for this video format include .mpg, .mpe, .mpeg, .m2v, and .vob files on DVD discs.

MPEG-4: Developed in 1998, MPEG-4 is specially designed for playing high-quality video of streaming media. It can utilize a very narrow band and compress and transmit data through frame reconstruction technology to minimize the use Data to get the best image quality. The most attractive aspect of MPEG-4 at present is that it can save small-sized video files close to the quality of DVDs. In addition, this file format also includes some special features such as bit rate scalability, animation sprites, interactivity, and even copyright protection that were not available in the previous MPEG compression standard. The file extensions of this video format include .asf, .mov and DivXAVI.

Tip: Careful users must have noticed that there is no MPEG-3 encoding in this? In fact, the familiar MP3 is the MPEG-3 (MPEGLayeur3) encoding.

DivX format: This is another video encoding (compression) standard derived from MPEG-4, also known as the DVDrip format, which uses the MPEG4 compression algorithm while integrating all aspects of MPEG-4 and MP3 The technology, to put it bluntly, is to use DivX compression technology to compress the video image of the DVD disc with high quality, and use MP3 or AC3 to compress the audio, and then synthesize the video and audio and add the corresponding external subtitle file. Video format. The picture quality is close to DVD and the volume is only a fraction of DVD. This kind of encoding does not have high requirements on the machine, so DivX video encoding technology can be said to be a new-generation video compression format that poses the greatest threat to DVD, known as DVD killer or DVD terminator.

MOV format: A video format developed by Apple in the United States. The default player is Apple ’s QuickTimePlayer. It has the characteristics of high compression ratio and perfect video clarity, but its biggest feature is its cross-platform nature, that is, it can support not only MacOS, but also Windows series.

2. Network Video

ASF format: Its English name is AdvancedStreamingformat. It is a video format launched by Microsoft to compete with RealPlayer. Users can directly use WindowsMediaPlayer that comes with Windows to play it. Because it uses the MPEG-4 compression algorithm, the compression rate and image quality are very good (high compression rate is conducive to the transmission of video streams, but the image quality will definitely be lost, so sometimes the picture quality of ASF format is not as good as VCD is normal).

WMV format: Its English name is WindowsMediaVideo, which is also a file compression format introduced by Microsoft that uses independent encoding and can directly watch video programs on the Internet in real time. The main advantages of the WMV format include: local or network playback, scalable media types, component downloads, scalable media types, stream prioritization, multi-language support, environmental independence, rich inter-stream relationships, and scalability, etc. .

RM format: The audio and video compression specification developed by RealNetworks is called RealMedia. Users can use RealPlayer or RealOnePlayer to live broadcast network audio / video resources that meet RealMedia technical specifications and RealMedia can work out different compressions according to different network transmission rates. Ratio to achieve real-time transmission and playback of image data on a low-rate network. Another feature of this format is that users can use RealPlayer or RealOnePlayer player to play online without downloading audio / video content. In addition, as the current mainstream network video format, RM can also convert other formats of video to RM video through its RealServer server and the RealServer server is responsible for external publishing and playback. The RM and ASF formats can be said to have their own advantages. Generally, the RM video is softer, while the ASF video is relatively clear.

RMVB format: This is a new video format extended from the RM video format. Its advanced feature is that the RMVB video format breaks the original average compression sampling method of the RM format and is reasonable on the basis of ensuring the average compression ratio. The use of bit rate resources means that picture scenes with few still and motion scenes use a lower coding rate, so that more bandwidth space can be reserved, and these bandwidths will be used when fast-moving picture scenes appear. In this way, on the premise of ensuring the quality of the still picture, the picture quality of the moving image is greatly improved, so that a delicate balance is reached between the image quality and the file size. In addition, compared to the DVDrip format, RMVB video also has obvious advantages. If a DVD movie with a size of about 700MB is transcribed into the RMVB format with the same audio-visual quality, its maximum size is about 400MB. Not only that, this video format also has unique advantages such as built-in subtitles and no need for plug-in support. If you want to play this video format, you can use RealOnePlayer2.0 or RealPlayer8.0 plus RealVideo9.0 or later decoder to play.

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